Who are the Yankees and why are Americans called that?

The origin of the word “Yankee” (Yank) is not precisely known. However, there are several widely accepted theories about why Americans are sometimes called that:

1. Dutch Theory: This theory suggests that “Yankee” is derived from the Dutch word “Janke,” which literally means “little Jan.” One of the first European settlers to migrate to future North America were the Dutch. English colonists often made fun of their neighbors and came up with a playful nickname related to a play on words Jan and Kees. Part of the word “kees” was pronounced as “kaas,” which means “cheese” in Dutch, a favorite food of the settlers. Over time, “kaas” transformed into the more convenient “kees,” resulting in “Jan-kees” or “Jan-cheese” (a lover of cheese).
2. Scottish Theory: In the Scottish dialect, there is a similar word – “jankie,” which describes clever and enterprising people. Industrial development began in the northern states, and in this case, the term “Yankee” refers to successful businessmen.
3. Native American Theory: Local Cherokee Indians used the word “eankke” to describe North American colonists as extremely cowardly people. The Indians despised the pale-faced settlers, and it is possible they came up with an insulting nickname for them. Another Native American version of the origin of the term “Yankee” points to mispronunciations. The words “English” and “Anglais” transformed into “Yengee” and “Yengees.”

The etymology of the word “Yankee” depends on the people using it. Europeans say “Yankee” and generally refer to all Americans. In the United States itself, the nickname applies to citizens living in the northeastern part of the country. Confederate soldiers during the Civil War referred to their northern opponents as “Yankees,” imbuing the term with a derogatory meaning.

In the second half of the 20th century, the word “Yankee” gradually lost its negative connotation. Americans now regard it with a certain degree of self-irony and even actively use it in store names and movies. They even created a baseball team called the New York Yankees. For fans, being a Yankee is a great honor.

The song “Yankee Doodle”

It is impossible to determine precisely when the word “Yankee” entered common usage. It is believed that the term was used during the colonial war with France by General James Wolfe in 1758. The British gave the word a contemptuous, mocking tone towards recruits from New England.

The amateur status of American soldiers was reflected in the humorous song “Yankee Doodle.” The residents of the colony did not consider it mockery. During the War of Independence, it became a revolutionary rallying cry. And in the state of Connecticut, it is still sung as a hymn.